Which parasite is known for causing Katayama syndrome?

Katayama syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction associated with infection by certain species of the Schistosoma genus, particularly Schistosoma japonicum. This condition typically arises during the acute phase of schistosomiasis, which occurs when the eggs of the parasite are deposited in the host's tissues, provoking a strong immune response. Symptoms of Katayama syndrome include fever, chills, rash, myalgia, and eosinophilia, and it generally reflects an intense immunologic reaction to the eggs rather than to the adult worms.

Schistosoma japonicum is primarily endemic in parts of Asia and is known not only for causing traditional schistosomiasis but also for being associated with Katayama syndrome due to its life cycle and the impact of its eggs within the host. The other listed parasites do not cause Katayama syndrome: Schistosoma mansoni is also a species of schistosoma but is more associated with different syndromes, while Giardia lamblia causes giardiasis, and Leishmania donovani causes visceral leishmaniasis. Thus, understanding the specific symptoms and associated parasite is crucial in identifying the cause of Katayama syndrome accurately.